feat(demo): exercise affine transforms and raster distortion
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242
src/affine_demo.rs
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242
src/affine_demo.rs
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//! Original ARM Mode 2 program. The CPU copies assets through BIOS services
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//! and writes affine coefficients/reference points during VBlank.
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//! The bitmap demos reuse this instruction builder with different assets and page control.
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use crate::{
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graphics_demo::{GraphicsDemo, GraphicsError},
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input::Buttons,
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machine::Machine,
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memory::{MemoryError, ROM_START},
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video::Framebuffer,
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};
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/// Debug words: completed updates, signed pan X, signed pan Y.
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pub const AFFINE_STATE: u32 = 0x0200_0000;
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pub struct AffineDemo {
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runner: GraphicsDemo,
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}
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impl AffineDemo {
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pub fn new() -> Result<Self, MemoryError> {
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Ok(Self {
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runner: GraphicsDemo::with_program(program(2, false))?,
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})
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}
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pub fn machine(&self) -> &Machine {
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self.runner.machine()
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}
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pub fn frame(
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&mut self,
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buttons: Buttons,
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output: &mut Framebuffer,
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) -> Result<usize, GraphicsError> {
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self.runner.frame_with_control(buttons, output, 0x402)
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}
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}
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pub(crate) fn bitmap_program(mode: u16) -> Vec<u8> {
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assert!(matches!(mode, 4 | 5));
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program(mode, false)
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}
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pub(crate) fn raster_program() -> Vec<u8> {
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program(2, true)
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}
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fn program(mode: u16, raster: bool) -> Vec<u8> {
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let bitmap = mode != 2;
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let mut code = vec![
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0xe3a0_9301, // MOV r9,#0x04000000
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0xe3a0_0080, // MOV r0,#128 (forced blank)
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0xe1c9_00b0, // STRH r0,[r9]
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0, // LDR r0,=palette
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0xe3a0_1405, // MOV r1,#0x05000000
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0xe3a0_2c01, // MOV r2,#256 halfwords
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0xef0b_0000, // CpuSet
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0, // LDR r0,=VRAM image
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0xe3a0_1406, // MOV r1,#0x06000000
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if bitmap { 0xe3a0_2a05 } else { 0xe3a0_2901 }, // MOV r2,#20480 or #16384 words
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0xef0c_0000, // CpuFastSet
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0, // LDR r0,=IRQ callback
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0xe3a0_1403, // MOV r1,#0x03000000
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0xe281_1c7f, // ADD r1,r1,#0x7f00
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0xe581_00fc, // STR r0,[r1,#252]
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0xe3a0_0008, // MOV r0,#8
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0xe1c9_00b4, // STRH r0,[r9,#4] (VBlank request)
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0xe289_1c02, // ADD r1,r9,#0x200
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0xe3a0_0001, // MOV r0,#1
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0xe1c1_00b0, // STRH r0,[r1] (IE)
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0xe289_ac01, // ADD r10,r9,#0x100
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0xe28a_a030, // ADD r10,r10,#0x30 (KEYINPUT)
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0xe289_6020, // ADD r6,r9,#0x20 (BG2 affine registers)
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0xe3a0_b402, // MOV r11,#0x02000000
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0xe3a0_4000, // MOV r4,#0 (signed pan X)
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0xe3a0_5000, // MOV r5,#0 (signed pan Y)
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0xe3a0_7000, // MOV r7,#0 (updates)
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0xe3a0_0b01, // MOV r0,#0x400
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0xe380_0000 | u32::from(mode), // ORR r0,r0,#mode (BG2 enabled)
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0xe1c9_00b0, // STRH r0,[r9]
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];
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let frame = code.len();
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code.extend([
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0xef05_0000, // VBlankIntrWait
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0xe1da_30b0, // LDRH r3,[r10]
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0xe313_0010, // TST r3,#Right
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0x0284_4002, // ADDEQ r4,r4,#2
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0xe313_0020, // TST r3,#Left
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0x0244_4002, // SUBEQ r4,r4,#2
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0xe313_0040, // TST r3,#Up
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0x0245_5002, // SUBEQ r5,r5,#2
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0xe313_0080, // TST r3,#Down
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0x0285_5002, // ADDEQ r5,r5,#2
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0xe313_0008, // TST r3,#Start
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0x03a0_4000, // MOVEQ r4,#0
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0x03a0_5000, // MOVEQ r5,#0
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if bitmap { 0xe3a0_0000 } else { 0xe3a0_0a07 }, // MOV r0,#0 or #0x7000 (tile wrap)
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0xe313_0001, // TST r3,#A (Z: disable tile wrapping; bitmap page handled below)
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if raster { 0xe1a0_0000 } else { 0x03c0_0a02 }, // Raster Z bypasses distortion, not wrapping.
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0xe1c9_00bc, // STRH r0,[r9,#12] (BG2CNT)
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0xe3a0_0c01, // MOV r0,#256 (PA)
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0xe3a0_1000, // MOV r1,#0 (PB)
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0xe3a0_cc01, // MOV r12,#256 (PD)
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0xe313_0c02, // TST r3,#L (Q: 45-degree rotation)
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0x03a0_00b5, // MOVEQ r0,#181
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0x03a0_10b5, // MOVEQ r1,#181
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0x03a0_c0b5, // MOVEQ r12,#181
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0xe313_0c01, // TST r3,#R (W: 2x zoom)
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0x01a0_00a0, // MOVEQ r0,r0,LSR #1
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0x01a0_10a1, // MOVEQ r1,r1,LSR #1
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0x01a0_c0ac, // MOVEQ r12,r12,LSR #1
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0xe261_2000, // RSB r2,r1,#0 (PC=-PB)
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0xe1c6_00b0, // STRH r0,[r6] (PA)
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0xe1c6_10b2, // STRH r1,[r6,#2] (PB)
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0xe1c6_20b4, // STRH r2,[r6,#4] (PC)
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0xe1c6_c0b6, // STRH r12,[r6,#6] (PD)
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// Reference = (map center + pan)*256 - matrix*(screen center).
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0xe3a0_8078, // MOV r8,#120
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0xe000_0098, // MUL r0,r8,r0 (120*PA)
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0xe3a0_8050, // MOV r8,#80
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0xe020_0198, // MLA r0,r8,r1,r0 (+80*PB)
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0xe260_0000, // RSB r0,r0,#0
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0xe080_0404, // ADD r0,r0,r4,LSL #8
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match mode {
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4 => 0xe280_0c78,
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5 => 0xe280_0a05,
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_ => 0xe280_0902,
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}, // ADD map center X * 256
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0xe586_0008, // STR r0,[r6,#8] (BG2X)
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0xe3a0_8078, // MOV r8,#120
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0xe002_0298, // MUL r2,r8,r2 (120*PC)
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0xe3a0_8050, // MOV r8,#80
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0xe022_2c98, // MLA r2,r8,r12,r2 (+80*PD)
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0xe262_2000, // RSB r2,r2,#0
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0xe082_2405, // ADD r2,r2,r5,LSL #8
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match mode {
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4 => 0xe282_2c50,
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5 => 0xe282_2901,
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_ => 0xe282_2902,
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}, // ADD map center Y * 256
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0xe586_200c, // STR r2,[r6,#12] (BG2Y)
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0xe287_7001, // ADD r7,r7,#1
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]);
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if bitmap {
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code.extend([
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0xe3a0_0b01, // MOV r0,#0x400
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0xe380_0000 | u32::from(mode), // ORR r0,r0,#mode
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0xe317_0020, // TST r7,#32 (alternate pages every32 updates)
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0x1380_0010, // ORRNE r0,r0,#16
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0xe313_0001, // TST r3,#A (Z: force page1)
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0x0380_0010, // ORREQ r0,r0,#16
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0xe1c9_00b0, // STRH r0,[r9] (page switch during VBlank)
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]);
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}
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let mut raster_dma_load = None;
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if raster {
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code.extend([
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0xe3a0_2402, // MOV r2,#0x02000000
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0xe282_2a01, // ADD r2,r2,#0x1000 (PB table)
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0xe3a0_0000, // MOV r0,#0 (table row)
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]);
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let row = code.len();
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code.extend([
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0xe310_0010, // TST r0,#16
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0x0281_8c02, // ADDEQ r8,r1,#512 (base PB + two pixels)
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0x1241_8c02, // SUBNE r8,r1,#512 (base PB - two pixels)
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0xe313_0001, // TST r3,#A (Z: bypass distortion)
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0x01a0_8001, // MOVEQ r8,r1
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0xe0c2_80b2, // STRH r8,[r2],#2
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0xe280_0001, // ADD r0,r0,#1
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0xe350_00a0, // CMP r0,#160
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]);
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let displacement = row as i32 - code.len() as i32 - 2;
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code.push(0x1a00_0000 | (displacement as u32 & 0x00ff_ffff));
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code.extend([
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0xe3a0_0000, // MOV r0,#0
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0xe1c9_0bba, // STRH r0,[r9,#0xba] (disable DMA0)
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0xe3a0_0402, // MOV r0,#0x02000000
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0xe280_0a01, // ADD r0,r0,#0x1000
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0xe589_00b0, // STR r0,[r9,#0xb0] (source)
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0xe289_0022, // ADD r0,r9,#0x22 (BG2PB)
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0xe589_00b4, // STR r0,[r9,#0xb4] (fixed destination)
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]);
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raster_dma_load = Some(code.len());
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code.push(0); // LDR r0,=DMA repeat/HBlank configuration
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code.push(0xe589_00b8); // STR r0,[r9,#0xb8] (arm DMA0)
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}
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code.extend([
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0xe58b_7000, // STR r7,[r11]
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0xe58b_4004, // STR r4,[r11,#4]
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0xe58b_5008, // STR r5,[r11,#8]
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]);
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let offset = frame as i32 - code.len() as i32 - 2;
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code.push(0xea00_0000 | (offset as u32 & 0xffffff));
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let irq = ROM_START + code.len() as u32 * 4;
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code.extend([
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0xe280_0c02, // ADD r0,r0,#0x200 (BIOS supplies I/O base)
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0xe1d0_10b2, // LDRH r1,[r0,#2]
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0xe1c0_10b2, // STRH r1,[r0,#2] (ack IF)
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0xe3a0_0403, // MOV r0,#0x03000000
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0xe280_0c7f, // ADD r0,r0,#0x7f00
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0xe1d0_2fb8, // LDRH r2,[r0,#248]
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0xe182_2001, // ORR r2,r2,r1
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0xe1c0_2fb8, // STRH r2,[r0,#248] (BIOS flags)
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0xe12f_ff1e, // BX lr
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]);
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let palette_address = ROM_START + (code.len() + 3 + usize::from(raster)) as u32 * 4;
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let mut literals = vec![(3, palette_address), (7, palette_address + 512), (11, irq)];
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if let Some(index) = raster_dma_load {
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literals.push((index, 0xa240_0001));
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}
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for (index, value) in literals {
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let offset = (code.len() - index - 2) * 4;
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assert!(offset < 4096);
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code[index] = 0xe59f_0000 | offset as u32;
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code.push(value);
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}
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let mut rom: Vec<u8> = code.into_iter().flat_map(u32::to_le_bytes).collect();
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if bitmap {
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rom.extend(crate::bitmap_demo::assets(mode));
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return rom;
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}
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let mut palette = [0_u16; 256];
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palette[..9].copy_from_slice(&[
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0x4000, 0x0260, 0x03a0, 0x7d20, 0x7e80, 0x001f, 0x421f, 0x03ff, 0x7fff,
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]);
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rom.extend(palette.into_iter().flat_map(u16::to_le_bytes));
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let mut vram = vec![0_u8; 0x10000];
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for t in 0..4 {
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for y in 0..8 {
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for x in 0..8 {
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vram[t * 64 + y * 8 + x] = (t * 2 + 1 + (x / 2 + y / 2) % 2) as u8;
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}
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}
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}
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for y in 0..32 {
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for x in 0..32 {
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vram[0x8000 + y * 32 + x] = ((x / 4 + 2 * (y / 4)) % 4) as u8;
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}
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}
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rom.extend(vram);
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rom
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}
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