{ modes }:
{
  enable-normalization-flatten-containers = true;
  enable-normalization-opposite-orientation-for-nested-containers = true;
  default-root-container-layout = "tiles";
  default-root-container-orientation = "auto";
  key-mapping.preset = "qwerty";

  gaps = {
    inner = {
      horizontal = 8;
      vertical = 8;
    };
    outer = {
      top = 12;
      bottom = 12;
      left = 12;
      right = 12;
    };
  };

  on-focused-monitor-changed = [ "move-mouse monitor-lazy-center" ];
  on-focus-changed = [ "move-mouse window-lazy-center" ];

  # Flatten workspace tree on switch to prevent nested container issues
  exec-on-workspace-change = [ "flatten-workspace-tree" ];

  on-window-detected = [
    # Default: force all windows to tile
    {
      run = "layout tiling";
    }
    # Exception: Ghostty on workspace 5 floats
    {
      "if".app-id = "com.mitchellh.ghostty";
      "if".workspace = "5";
      run = "layout floating";
    }
  ];

  mode = modes;
}